Micro Irrigation Systems Can Help Increase Crop Yield in the Era of and Water Scarcity and Climate Change
A Micro-irrigation system (also known as trickle irrigation, low-flow irrigation, low volume irrigation, or localized irrigation) is a modern method of irrigation with low flow and less than a conventional system. Micro-irrigation systems are used in agriculture for row crops, orchards, and vineyards, as well as in horticulture. The system irrigates water through foggers, sprinklers, drippers, and other emitters on the surface or subsurface of the land.
Micro-irrigation systems provide water to the crop at frequent intervals to the soil surface. They provide water in the form of spray, drip, and sprinkles. It is efficient compared to the conventional irrigation system. The demand for micro-irrigation systems is increasing due to growing concern over water scarcity. For instance, in December 2019, Rivulis opened a plant for micro-irrigation solutions in Mexico to make irrigation comprehensive solutions more accessible.
Micro-irrigation is ideal for low-growing, delicate, or bedding plants where only minimal amounts of water are required. Micro-irrigation systems are used primarily in agriculture to irrigate row crops such as alfalfa and wheat. When using this method, small tubing is placed beneath the ground in rows, producing a steady stream of water. These systems provide water at the right amounts, which helps save money.
Major components of a micro-irrigation system are emitters, PVC joining accessories, control valves, filters, fertigation equipment, ball valves, pumping devices (pump and motor), and water source. The system irrigates water drop by drop near the root area of the crop. The drip irrigation system is suitable for wider spacing crops, while micro-sprinkler irrigation is suitable for loamy or sandy soils. It is suitable for horticultural crops. Portable sprinklers are also available in the market. They dispense marginally more water compared to micro-sprinklers and drippers. It is used for preparing lawns and nursery in soils with low water holding capacity.
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